Validation
| Gene Symbol | Curated Descriptions | Cell Lines | Isolations | Validations | Control-case | Tumor Stage & Subtype | Clinical Use | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hsa-miR-21 | Based on the selective enrichment and absolute abundance, we identified miR-1246, miR-122, miR-21, and let-7a as candidate exosome microRNAs that may serve as biomarkers indicative of breast cancer | centrifugation ultracentrifugation and filtration or with the Exoquick-TC reagent (System Biosciences,Mountain View,CA,USA) | electron microscopy,nanoparticle tracking analysis,and western blot | 16 breast cancer plasma samples (case) 16 healthy plasma samples (control) | ER+/-,PR+/-,HER2+/- stages II, III breast cancer | 27608715 | ||
| hsa-miR-223-3p | Exosomal miR-223-3p may be a useful preoperative biomarker to identify the invasive lesions of DCIS patients diagnosed by biopsy | MCF7 | ultracentrifugation | electron microscope | 175 breast cancer patients (case) 3 healthy controls (control) | ductal carcinoma in?situ (DCIS) breast cancer? | early diagnosis | 29805680 |
| HER2 | The exosomal HER2 expression levels were almost consistent with that in tumor tissues assessed by immunohistochemical staining | MCF7,MDA-MB-231 | centrifugation | transmission electron microscopy | 19 breast cancer patients (case) | early diagnosis | 28369094 | |
| hsa-miR-145 | Our study showed that serum-circulating miR-145, miR-155, and miR-382 are present in exosomes. These miRNAs were previously proposed as noninvasive biomarkers to distinguish between BC patients and healthy individuals | ExoQuick exosome precipitation solution | scanning electron Microscopy,atomic force microscopy, anoparticle tracking analysis | 20 diagnosis of ductal carcinoma (case) 5 healthy donors (control) | stages I, III, and IV breast cancer | 30891102 | ||
| hsa-miR-373 | In conclusion, our findings suggest cell-free miR-101 and miR-373 as breast cancer-specific markers | MCF7,MDA-MB-231 | ExoQuick exosome precipitation solution (BioCat,Heidelberg,Germany) | western blot (BioCat),BD Biosciences and Axiovert 200 microscope | 50 breast cancer samples (case) 12 healthy samples (control) | luminal,HER2(+),TN | 25333260 | |
| CD47 | A differential CD47 expression in blood-derived individual circulating exosomes that is correlated with breast cancer status, demonstrating a great potential of individual exosome profiles in biomarker discovery | MDA-MB-231,MCF-12A | ultracentrifugation | electron microscopy | 50 breast cancer samples (case) 40 healthy samples (control) | diagnosis | 27819324 | |
| hsa-miR-222 | Higher levels of exosomal miRNA-21, miRNA-222, and miRNA-155 were significantly associated with the presence of circulating tumor cells;Liquid biopsies based on exosomal miRNAs and circulating tumor cells can be a complementary clinical tool for improving breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis | fluorescence microscope | 53 breast cancer women (case) 8 healthy donors (control) | localized breast cancer | neoadjuvant chemotherapy | 30728048 | ||
| CD24 | We suggest that CD24 could be an additional marker for the enrichment of tumor-derived exosomes from blood | AllPrep DNA/RNA Mini Kit (Qiagen,Hilden,Germany) centrifugation | electron microscopy | 8 breast cancer samples (case) 6 Lung cancer patients (control) | 21601258 | |||
| CD82 | CD82 expression in exosomes from breast cancer samples is a sensitive biomarker | centrifugation | western blot | 80 breast cancer patients (case) 80 patients with benign breast diseases (control) | stage 0 to stage IV | early diagnosis | 30604894 | |
| CDC42 | Presumably aid in targeting the primary cancer cells to specific metastatic sites | 4T1 | ultracentrifugation | transmission electron microscopy | metastasis | 29115712 |